The formation of the Malaysian government under Anwar Ibrahim in recent years has been received with considerably less enthusiasm compared to previous administrations. The ‘Unity Government’ is still lacking a clear platform and has encountered difficulties in implementing significant reforms. The overlapping manifestos of the lead coalitions in the Unity Government offer an opportunity for a shared agenda for institutional reform.
Although there has been some progress in certain areas, such as the abolition of the mandatory death penalty and steps towards greater separation of powers, the government has faced challenges in achieving broader reforms. The absence of a coherent common platform has made it arduous for voters to hold the government accountable for its actions. This has been exacerbated by tensions within the governing coalition and concerns about triggering another ‘Sheraton Move’ or facing electoral defeat.
The focus on constitutional amendments has presented an additional obstacle to reform, as it requires two-thirds support for changes to be made. The government has been cautious and hesitant to push for extreme or rapid reform due to the necessity of maintaining popular support and securing the confidence of voters, particularly in the Malay community.
Structural changes to the federal parliament have provided some avenues for reform, such as the establishment of special select committees and all-party parliamentary groups. However, it remains uncertain to what extent these committees can influence policy and legislation. Key individuals within the government, such as Minister Azalina Othman Said, have put forward ideas for institutional reform but have encountered challenges in gaining support for these initiatives.
The obstacles to reform are further complicated by the tepid engagement of top leaders, including Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim. His limited involvement and reliance on a close circle of advisors have impeded the progress of reform efforts.
While the current administration may continue to govern Malaysia, the path towards lasting institutional reform remains uncertain. The government’s cautious approach and internal challenges have stagnated efforts for substantial change.
In conclusion, the struggle for institutional reform in Malaysia is a complex and uphill battle. While there have been some incremental gains, the broader vision of change and reform remains elusive. The upcoming years will be pivotal in determining the future of Malaysia’s political landscape and the extent to which genuine reform can be achieved.
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